Docker构建镜像-Dockerfile

2015-03-27

通过dockerfile构建镜像

Docker提供了一种标准化的DSL，你只需要编写一个Dockerfile，运行docker build指令，就可以构建自己的Image
Dockerfile指令
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/

➜  DockerfileDemo cat Dockerfile
FROM debian
RUN echo "Hello docker!"
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
nginx
RUN echo 'Nginx install success' > /var/www/html/index.html
EXPOSE 80

构建镜像

➜  DockerfileDemo docker build -t="debian/nginx:2" .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 2.048 kB
Step 1 : FROM debian
 ---> 1b01529cc499
Step 2 : RUN echo "Hello docker!"
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 3791785c0268
Step 3 : RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y nginx
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 47fcc445f762
****************************************
Successfully built 26eee4e7b4e4

查看构建成功后的镜像

1
2
3

➜  DockerfileDemo docker images debian/nginx:2
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
debian/nginx        2                   26eee4e7b4e4        6 minutes ago       196.4 MB

使用该镜像创建容器
-d 告诉容器以分离的方式在后台运行
nginx -g “daemon off;” 以前台的方式启动Nginx，作为Web容器

➜  ~ docker run -itd  -p 80 debian/nginx:2 nginx -g "daemon off;"
b329360da168141902fc623b71f5cc79540bdffad26b1802e504988925ffec54
➜  ~ docker port b329360da168141902fc623b71f5cc79540bdffad26b1802e504988925ffec54
80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:32769

推送镜像至仓库

以docker hub为例

1	docker push r65q89/test

补充

查看镜像构建历史

➜  ~ docker history debian/nginx:2
IMAGE               CREATED             CREATED BY                                      SIZE                COMMENT
26eee4e7b4e4        10 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  EXPOSE 80/tcp                0 B                 
fe16089c6b6f        11 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c echo 'Nginx install success' > /va   22 B                
5c40a6f4eee9        11 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c service nginx start                  3 B                 
47fcc445f762        12 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c apt-get update && apt-get install    71.29 MB            
3791785c0268        17 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c echo "Hello docker!"                 0 B                 
1b01529cc499        3 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD ["/bin/bash"]             0 B                 
<missing>           3 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:0e0565652aa852f620   125.1 MB

查看某容器端口映射情况

1	docker port 容器id

或者这样查看所有docker映射的端口

端口映射